行為神經科學的主要任務是在行為生物學基礎的廣泛領域發表原創研究論文。偶爾的評論文章和理論論文也可以發表，如果他們被認為對該領域作出了原創和重要的概念貢獻。只要行為變量被測量或操縱，或者工作與行為有明確的相關性，就可以考慮涵蓋所有相關生物學和神經科學領域的研究，例如解剖學、化學、生理學、內分泌學和藥理學。如果行為的遺傳、進化和發育方面的研究對生物學過程或機制有明確的含義，那么行為研究也是合適的。單篇實驗論文與多篇實驗論文一樣被認為是可以接受的。良好的實驗設計、控制和程序的重要性或重要性，以及適當的獎學金是主要標準。《華爾街日報》還出版了一個“簡要溝通”版塊。本節的論文應如此標明，不得超過3250字的文本，不超過兩張圖和/或表格。該雜志還將偶爾發表關于其先前發表的研究論文的“技術評論”，以及作者的回應。這些不能超過800字。

The primary mission of Behavioral Neuroscience is to publish original research papers in the broad field of the biological bases of behavior. Occasional review articles and theoretical papers are also acceptable for publication if they are judged to make original and important conceptual contributions to the field. Studies covering the entire range of relevant biological and neural sciences, for example, anatomy, chemistry, physiology, endocrinology, and pharmacology, are considered so long as behavioral variables are measured or manipulated or if the work has clear relevance to behavior. Studies on the genetic, evolutionary, and developmental aspects of behavior are also appropriate, as are behavioral studies, if they have clear implications for biological processes or mechanisms. Single-experiment papers are deemed just as acceptable as multiple-experiment papers. Good experimental design, controls and procedures importance or significance, and proper scholarship are the major criteria. The journal also publishes a "Brief Communications" section. Papers for this section should be so labeled and must not exceed 3,250 words of text, with no more than two figures and/or tables. The journal will also occasionally publish "Technical Comments" concerning research papers it has previously published, as well as responses by the authors. These must not exceed 800 words.